Automatic head tracking system utilizing transducer deflecting means and synchronous demodulation of the envelope signal

ABSTRACT

In an apparatus for reproducing video or other information signals recorded in a track on a magnetic tape or other record medium; a magnetic head or transducer is moved along the track for reproducing the information signals recorded therein while a bi-morph leaf which supports the head receives an electrical drive signal for deflecting the head in a direction transverse to that along the track. A deflection responsive signal is generated in correspondence to the deflection of the head from a rest position, for example, in response to varying the capacitance of a capacitor formed of a fixed electrode and a movable electrode on the bi-morph leaf. A control circuit for controlling the deflection of the head includes an oscillator providing a dither oscillation signal which, on application to the bi-morph leaf, causes transverse oscillation of the head about a null position, an envelope detector detecting the envelope of the reproduced output of the head, a multiplier for synchronously demodulating the detected envelope by means of the deflection responsive signal so as to obtain a tracking error signal accurately representative of the deviation of the null position of the head from the center of the track, and an adder adding the tracking error signal to the dither oscillation signal so as to provide therefrom the electrical drive signal and by which the null position of the oscillated head is aligned with the center of the track.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates generally to apparatus for reproducing video or other information signals recorded in a track on a record medium, for example, as in a video tape recorder in which the video signals are recorded in successive parallel trackd which are skewed or extend obliquely on a magnetic tape. More particularly, the invention is directed to an improved system or arrangement by which a magnetic head or other transducer is made to accurately track or scan the track or tracks in which the video or other information signals are recorded.

2. Description of the Prior Art

It is conventional to record video or other information signals along successive parallel tracks which are skewed or extend obliquely on a magnetic tape, for example, as in a helical scan VTR. It has been proposed, for example, as disclosed in Belgian patent application No. 852,715, which has been laid opened to public inspection and corresponds to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 669,047, filed Mar. 22, 1976, to provide a system by which an information or data signal transducer, for example, in the form of a rotary magnetic head, is continuously maintained in a desired position in respect to the recorded information signal track or tracks on a magnetic tape in a helical scan VTR. In such previously proposed system, the position of the information signal transducer or head relative to the track is monitored during the scanning of the track through the reproduction of the recorded information signals while a small oscillatory motion or dither is imparted to the transducer or head via its supporting element or arm which is, for example, in the form of a piezo-electric bender element or bi-morph leaf. The oscillatory motion or dither is induced in the supporting element or arm by applying to the latter a suitable drive signal which causes the transducer to fluctuate or oscillate transversely about its normal scanning path. The oscillation of the transducer introduces deviations in the envelope of the reproduced information signals resulting from the scanning of the record track. Such deviations take the form of an amplitude modulation of the envelope of the reproduced signals, with the change in magnitude of the envelope being representative of the amount of transverse displacement of the transducer from the optimum transducing or centered position with respect to the track, and with the direction of transverse displacement of the transducer from the optimum transducing position being represented by the phase of the envelope amplitude modulation at the fundamental frequency of the oscillatory motion or dither. To obtain such transducer or head position information, the modulated RF envelope signal reproduced by the transducer is applied to an amplitude modulation envelope detector which recovers the dither signal fundamental and its sidebands, whereupon the output of the envelope detector is applied to a synchronous amplitude modulation detector which detects the amplitude and polarity of the output of the envelope detector with reference to the original or constant dither or oscillation signal by which the head is simultaneously made to oscillate transversely. The synchronous amplitude modulation detector provides a tracking error signal which is added to the dither or oscillation signal to provide the drive signal for effecting oscillation of the head or transducer. Generally, the amplitude of the tracking error signal is proportional to the transverse distance from the null position of the oscillated head to the track center, while the polarity of the tracking error signal is indicative of the direction of such displacement of the null position from the track center. Therefore, the tracking error signal, when added to the dither or oscillation signal, tends to align the null position of the transducer with the center of the track.

It will be apparent that, in the above-proposed automatic head tracking system, the output of the envelope detector contains various unwanted frequency components due to mechanical vibration of the bi-morph leaf supporting the head and such unwanted frequency components adversely affect the accuracy of the tracking error signal obtained when the output of the envelope detector is compared with the constant dither or oscillation signal in the synchronous amplitude modulation detector.

The existence of problems due to mechanical vibration of the bi-morph leaf supporting the reproducing head or transducer has been recognized, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,080,636. In the system disclosed in such patent, the output of the reproducing head or transducer is processed in the manner described above, that is, such output is envelope-detected and then compared with the constant dither or oscillation signal which is applied to the bi-morph leaf so as to obtain the tracking error signal which is ultimately added to the dither or oscillation signal for providing the drive signal of the bi-morph leaf. In addition to the foregoing, the above-identified patent discloses a negative feedback loop for developing an electrical damping signal which is also applied to the bi-morph leaf so as to dampen its vibrations or oscillations, particularly at the resonance frequency thereof. In the system being described, the electrical damping signal is derived from a signal generator or sensor which is integral with the bi-morph leaf for generating a signal which is representative of the instantaneous deflected position of the transducer or head, and which is converted to a transducer velocity signal by means of a differentiator. The transducer velocity signal is then passed through a low pass filter which attenuates the signals attributable to second and higher order resonance characteristics of the bi-morph leaf, and which is followed by a phase lead network operative to shift the phase of signals received from the filter so that those signals having a frequency near the resonance frequency of the bi-morph leaf will have a net phase shift of 0°. Finally, the output of the phase lead network is applied to an inverting or negative feedback amplifier so as to obtain the damping signal which is added to the previously-described drive signal. Thus, the signal representative of the instantaneous deflected position of the head or transducer as obtained from the signal generator or sensor integral with the bi-morph leaf is only employed for producing the feedback or electrical damping signal by which mechanical vibration of the bi-morph leaf at its resonance frequency in damped. However, such damping action does not eliminate or correct inaccuracies appearing in the tracking error signal by reason of the fact that the latter is still derived from a comparison of the fixed dither oscillation signal with the envelope detected output of the reproducing head or transducer which contains mechanically induced vibrations or other undesired frequency components.

OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an automatic head tracking system which affords a greater degree of accuracy in tracking than has been heretofore attainable.

Another object is to provide an automatic head tracking system, as aforesaid, which achieves accurate tracking by means of a relatively simple and easily produced arrangement.

In accordance with an aspect of this invention, in an apparatus for reproducing information signals recorded in a track on a record medium by means of a reproducing transducer movable along such track; automatic tracking or scanning is achieved by providing transducer deflecting means mounting the reproducing transducer and being operative in response to the reception of an electrical drive signal for deflecting the transducer in a direction which is transverse in respect to the direction along the track, deflection responsive signal generating means for generating a deflection responsive signal in correspondence to the deflection of the transducer in the transverse direction from a rest position thereof, and control circuit means including an oscillator for providing the dither oscillation signal which, on application to the transducer deflection means, causes the transducer to oscillate in the transverse direction about a null position, envelope detecting means for detecting the envelope of the output of the transducer as the latter moves along the track and oscillates in the transverse direction, means for synchronously demodulating the detected envelope by means of the deflection responsive signal so as to obtain a tracking error signal accurately representative of the deviation of the null position of the transducer from the center of the track considered in the transverse direction, and means for adding the tracking error signal to the dither oscillation signal so as to provide therefrom the electrical drive signal for the transducer deflecting means and by which the null position of the transducer is aligned with the center of the track.

It will be noted that, in accordance with the above-described aspect of the invention, the tracking error signal is derived by a comparison of the envelope detected output of the reproducing transducer which includes frequency components resulting from mechanical vibration of the bi-morph leaf or other support for the transducer, with the deflection responsive signal which similarly includes such frequency components due to mechanical vibration of the bi-morph leaf, so that the unwanted frequency components due to mechanical vibration or the like are automatically eliminated from the tracking error signal by cancelling each other.

The means by which the deflection signal is generated in correspondence to the deflection of the transducer may desirably include a capacitor defined by a fixed electrode and by a movable electrode on the bi-morph leaf or other support of the transducer so that the capacitance of such capacitor is varied with displacement of the transducer in the transverse direction, and an amplifier circuit having a high input impedance and being connected with the variable capacitor to provide the desired deflection responsive signal in correspondence to changes in the capacitance resulting from displacement of the movable electrode in respect to the fixed electrode.

The above, and other objects, features and advantages of the invention, will be apparent in the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment of the invention which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an automatic head tracking system according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a section of a magnetic tape with a record track extending obliquely thereon, and with the path of a reproducing head or transducer being represented in broken lines;

FIG. 3 is a graphic representation of the output signal from a reproducing head or transducer when scanning the record track in the manner shown on FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating an automatic head tracking system according to an embodiment of this invention; and

FIG. 5A is a waveform of the signal produced by an envelope detector in the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 5B is a waveform produced by a deflection responsive signal generating circuit in the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 5C is a waveform produced by a band pass filter that has the signal of FIG. 5B passed therethrough in the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 5D is a waveform produced by a balanced modulator in the system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 5E is a waveform of the tracking error signal representing deviation of a reproducing head from the record track being scanned thereby; and

FIG. 6 is a schematic, partially broken away, perspective view of a guide drum and head arrangement that can be utilized with the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to the drawings in detail, and initially to FIG. 1 thereof, it will be seen that, in an existing automatic head tracking system of the type disclosed in the previously mentioned laid-open Belgian Pat. No. 852,715, each rotary magnetic head 1 of a helical scan VTR is mounted on a rotary portion 102 of the usual guide drum 104 (FIG. 6) by way of a bi-morph leaf 2 which can flex in the axial direction of the guide drum. As is conventional, the video or other information signals are recorded in successive parallel tracks which are skewed or extend obliquely on a magnetic tape T, for example, as is indicated in respect to the single record track t on FIG. 2. Therefore, when the recorded magnetic tape T is guided in a helical path about a substantial portion of the periphery of the guide drum 104, the rotary magnetic head 1 may scan more or less along the record track t.

In the existing head tracking system of FIG. 1 for continuously maintaining the rotary head 1 in a desired position in respect to the record track t, the position of head 1 is monitored during the scanning of the track through evaluation of the reproduced signals S_(a) from head 1 while a small oscillatory motion or dither is imparted to head 1 by applying a suitable drive signal S_(f) to the bi-morph leaf 2. The resulting oscillation of the head 1 in the direction transverse to the direction along the track t, as indicated in broken lines at 1a on FIG. 2, introduces deviations in the envelope of the reproduced video or other information signal S_(a) (FIG. 3) resulting from the scanning of record track by head 1. Such deviations take the form of amplitude modulation of the envelope of the reproduced signals S_(a), with the change in magnitude of the envelope being representative of the amount of transverse displacement of the head 1 from the optimum transducing or centered position with respect to the track t, and with the direction of the transverse displacement of the head from the optimum transducing position being represented by the phase of the envelope amplitude modulation at the fundamental frequency of the oscillatory motion or dither.

In order to obtain the above-described head position information, the existing head tracking system shown on FIG. 1 applies the reproduced signals S_(a) from head 1 through a reproducing amplifier 3 to an output circuit 4 which processes the reproduced video signal and to an amplitude modulation envelope detector 5 which recovers the dither signal fundamental and its sidebands. Thereupon, the output S_(b) of envelope detector 5 is applied to a synchronous amplitude modulation detector 7 which detects the amplitude and polarity of the output S_(b) of the envelope detector with reference to the original or constant dither or oscillation signal S_(c) by which the head 1 is made to oscillate transversely. The synchronous amplitude modulation detector 7 provides a tracking error signal S_(d) which is applied to an adding circuit 8 for addition therein to the dither or oscillation signal S_(c) having a frequency f_(c) of about 450 Hz. The resulting added signal S_(e) is acted upon by a driving amplifier 9 to provide the driving signal S_(f) for the bi-morph leaf 2.

Generally, the amplitude of the tracking error signal S_(d) is proportional to the transverse distance from the null position of the oscillated head 1 to the center of the scanned track t, while the polarity of tracking error signal S_(d) is indicative of the direction of such displacement of the null position from the track center. Therefore, the tracking error signal S_(d), when added to the dither or oscillation signal S_(c), tends to align the null position of the oscillated head 1 with the center of the track t. However, it will be apparent that, in the system illustrated on FIG. 1, if there is any mechanical vibration of the bi-morph leaf 2, supporting head 1 will cause the output of envelope detector 5 to contain various unwanted frequency components. When such output S_(b) of the envelope detector 5 is compared, in synchronous amplitude modulation detector 7, with the constant dither or oscillation signal S_(c) from fixed oscillator 6 which, of course, does not include the unwanted frequency components due to mechanical vibration, the tracking error signal S_(d) obtained from the modulation detector 7 is influenced by the unwanted frequency components and the accuracy of tracking is adversely affected.

Referring now to FIG. 4, in which parts corresponding to those described above with reference to FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals, it will be seen that, in an automatic head tracking system 10 according to the present invention, the deflection of head 1 from its rest position as determined by the bi-morph leaf 2 supporting the head is instantaneously and accurately detected by a deflection signal generating circuit 11. In the illustrated embodiment, the circuit 11 is shown to include a deflection detecting transducer in the form of a capacitor 12. The capacitive transducer or capacitor 12 is constituted by a fixed electrode 12a suitably mounted adjacent the free end portion of bi-morph leaf 2 and a movable electrode 12b mounted on leaf 2 so as to confront fixed electrode 12a and thereby vary the capacitance of transducer 12 with displacement of head 1 in the direction transverse to the length of the record track being scanned by the head. More particularly, the capacitance of transducer 12 varies inversely with the distance between fixed electrode 12a and movable electrode 12b which is connected to ground. In a practical example of this invention, the electrode 12a is a square with a dimension of 3 to 4 mm. along each side, and the spacing between electrodes 12a and 12b ranges between 0.2 and 0.5 mm.

The circuit 11 is shown to further comprise an amplifier with a high input impedance for converting changes in the capacitance of transducer 12 into a corresponding voltage signal which varies suitably to directly and instantaneously represent the deflection of head 1 from its rest position. More particularly, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, circuit 11 is shown to include resistors 13 and 14 connected in series between fixed electrode 12a and the gate of a junction FET 15 acting as an amplifier and having its source-drain circuit connected to power supply terminals V₁ and V₂ through an output resistor 16. A second junction FET 17 intended to serve as a high resistance, for example, of more than 10 MΩ, has one of its source and drain electrodes connected to a junction between resistors 13 and 14, while the other of its drain and source electrodes is an open circuit and the gate of FET 17 is connected to the power supply terminal V₂. The output signal across resistor 16 is applied through a capacitor 18 to a band pass filter 19. An electrical shield envelopes amplifier 11 for electrical shielding the latter from the electric field resulting from the application of the driving signal to the piezo-ceramic support arm or bi-morph leaf 2 on which head 1 is mounted.

As in the known head tracking system described above with reference to FIG. 1, in the system 10 according to the present invention, the reproduced frequency modulated signal or output S_(a) of head 1 is applied through a reproducing amplifier 3 to an output circuit 4 and to an envelope detecting circuit 5. Once again, the signal S_(a) is amplitude-modulated with a dither or oscillation signal S_(c) of the fixed frequency f_(c) produced by an oscillator 6 and which may be about 450 Hz. The amplitude variations of the output or envelope signal S_(b) (FIG. 5A) represent, among other things, tracking errors which exist between the path of movement of head 1 and the record tracks t being scanned by the head. However, the envelope signal S_(b) also includes unwanted frequency components besides the tracking error information at the dither or oscillation signal frequencies f_(c), such as, for example, frequency components at the primary and secondary resonant frequencies and at the anti-resonant frequency of bi-morph leaf 2 and various other frequency components due to transient responses. Such unwanted frequency components adversely affect detection of, and correction for the tracking error between the scanning path of head 1 and the record track t on the magnetic tape.

The envelope signal S_(b) from envelope detector 5 is applied to a band pass filter 21 which is adapted to pass a frequency band centered at the dither or oscillation frequency f_(c) and which contains the tracking error information. More particularly, the upper cut-off frequency of band pass filter 21 is selected to be somewhat lower than the frequency 2f_(c), while the frequency f_(c) is several times greater than the selected lower cut-off frequency of filter 21. The resulting output signal S_(b) ' from band pass filter 21 is applied to one input of a multiplier 22 which may be constituted by a balanced modulator and which has another input receiving the output S_(g) ' of band pass filter 19.

Band pass filter 19 has substantially the same characteristic as is described above for band pass filter 21, that is, filter 19 is adapted to pass a band of frequencies centered at the dither or oscillating signal frequency f_(c). The deflection responsive signal S_(g) (FIG. 5B) from amplifier 11 which corresponds to the instantaneous deflection of head 1 from a rest position may have the frequency component f_(c) corresponding to the oscillation of the bi-morph leaf 2 superimposed on a signal S_(i) of triangular waveform which, as hereinafter described, may be additionally applied to the bi-morph leaf 2 during slow or still motion reproduction of the recorded video signals. In the absence of such signal S_(i), the scanning path of head 1 would be at an angle in respect to the direction of each record track t being scanned by the head.

In any event, filter 19 is effective to remove from the deflection responsive signal S_(g) ' (FIG. 5C) obtained at its output the low-frequency component of any such triangular waveform S_(i). However, signal S_(g) ' still contains the unwanted frequency components, such as, components at the first and second order resonant and anti-resonant frequencies of bi-morph leaf 2 and various other frequency components due to the transient response in addition to the component at the dither or oscillation frequency f_(c). Since the deflection responsive signal S_(g) or S_(g) ' represents the deflection of head 1 from its rest position, rather than the position of the head 1 relative to the center of the track t being scanned, it will be apparent that the deflection responsive signal S_(g) ' applied to multiplier or balanced modulator 22 does not include any information in regard to the tracking error. It will be appreciated that the frequency, phase and amplitude of the unwanted frequency components contained in deflection responsive signal S_(g) ' substantially correspond to the frequency, phase and amplitude, respectively, of the corresponding unwanted frequency components contained in the envelope signal S_(b) ' obtained from filter 21.

By reason of the above, the multiplier 22 which, as previously mentioned, may be a balanced modulator, provides an output signal S_(j) (FIG. 5D) which represents the difference, or sum of the frequencies of the signals applied to the two inputs of multiplier 22. Thus, multiplier 22 is effective to eliminate from its output S_(j) the components with the dither or oscillation frequency f_(c) and with the unwanted frequencies, such as, the first and second order resonant and anti-resonant frequencies of the bi-morph leaf 2. The resulting output signal S_(j) contains the information in respect to the tracking errors and also a frequency component having the frequency 2f_(c) generated by the multiplier 22 and which may be eliminated in a band eliminating filter 23. The filter 23 may be effective to block the passage therethrough of frequency components in a band centered at the frequency 2f_(c) and extending above and below the latter frequency by only a fraction of the frequencies f_(c). As a result of the foregoing, a tracking error signal S_(k) (FIG. 5E) representing the deviation of head 1 from the record track t being scanned thereby is obtained from band eliminating filter 23. Alternatively, the band eliminating filter 23 may be replaced by a low pass filter having a suitable characteristic to block the 2f_(c) frequency component.

The tracking error signal S_(k) is applied through an amplifier 24 to an adding circuit 8 in which it is added to the dither or oscillation signal S_(c) from oscillator 6. Further, the adding circuit may receive the signal S_(i) of triangular waveform which is applied in the slow or still motion reproducing mode of the VTR to compensate for the angular deviation of the path of rotary head 1 relative to the longitudinal direction of each record track t resulting from the fact that the speed of longitudinal advancement of the tape T in the slow or still motion reproducing mode is different from the normal speed of advancement of the tape during recording of each record track t. Finally, as in the previously-described existing system, the output of adding circuit 8 is applied to a drive amplifier 9 to provide the drive signal S_(f) by which bi-morph leaf 2 is driven so that the null position of head 1, when oscillated in the direction transverse to the direction along a record track, will correspond to the center of the track considered in such transverse direction.

It will be appreciated that, in the system according to this invention, the multiplier or balanced modulator 22 compares or synchronously demodulates the envelope signal S_(b) ' from envelope detector 5 by means of the detection responsive signal S_(g) ' which represents the instantaneous position of the head 1 and thus includes all of the unwanted frequency components also contained in the envelope signal. The foregoing is to be distinguished from the known system of FIG. 1, in which the multiplier or balanced modulator 7 compares the envelope signal S_(b) with the fixed dither or oscillating signal S_(c) which does not include the unwanted frequency components arising from mechanical vibration or the like of the bi-morph leaf 2. By reason of such distinction, the multiplier or balanced modulator 22 of the system according to this invention automatically eliminates the unwanted frequency components from the output signal S_(j), with the result that the signal S_(k) accurately represents the tracking error so as to permit the head 1 to be automatically maintained precisely at the optimum tracking position by means of a relatively simple system.

Although the movable support 2 for the head 1 has been specifically described as being constituted by a bi-morph leaf, it will be understood that the support 2 may be constituted by any other type of piezo-electric element, or by a magneto-strictive or moving coil element.

Having described a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to that precise embodiment, and that various changes and modifications may be affected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for reproducing information signals recorded in a track on a record medium; comprising a transducer movable along said track for reproducing the information signal recorded therein; transducer deflecting means mounting said transducer and being operative in response to the reception of an electrical drive signal for deflecting said transducer in a direction which is transverse in respect to the direction along said track; deflection responsive signal generating means for generating a deflection responsive signal in correspondence to the deflection of said transducer in said transverse direction from a rest position; and control circuit means including oscillating means for providing a dither oscillation signal to said transducer deflection means which causes said transducer to oscillate in said transverse direction about a null position, envelope detecting means for detecting the envelope of the output of said transducer as the latter moves along the track and oscillates in said transverse direction, means connected with said envelope detecting means and said deflection responsive signal generating means for synchronously demodulating the detected envelope from said envelope detecting means by means of said deflection responsive signal so as to obtain a tracking error signal representative of the deviation of said null position of the transducer from the center of the track considered in said transverse direction, and means for adding said tracking error signal to said dither oscillation signal so as to provide therefrom said electrical drive signal for said transducer deflecting means and by which said null position of the transducer is aligned with said center of the track.
 2. The apparatus according to claim 1; in which said means for synchronously demodulating said detected envelope from said envelope detecting means includes multiplier means having inputs receiving said detected envelope from the envelope detecting means and said deflection responsive signal, respectively.
 3. The apparatus according to claim 2; in which said multiplier means is constituted by a balanced modulator.
 4. The apparatus according to claim 1; in which said control circuit means further includes first band pass filter means through which said detected envelope from the envelope detecting means is applied to said means for synchronously demodulating the same, and second band pass filter means through which said deflection responsive signal is applied to said means for synchronously demodulating said detected envelope; and each of said first and second band pass filter means has a pass band with a lower cut-off frequency which is a fraction of the frequency of said dither oscillation signal and an upper cut-off frequency which is less than two times said frequency of the dither oscillation signal.
 5. The apparatus according to claim 4; in which said control circuit means further includes band elimination filter means through which said tracking error signal is applied to said means for adding the same to said dither oscillation signal, and said band elimination filter means is operative to eliminate a predetermined band of frequencies centered about two times the frequency of said dither oscillation signal.
 6. The apparatus according to claim 1; in which said means for synchronously demodulating said detected envelope includes multiplier means having inputs respectively receiving said detected envelope and said deflection responsive signal; and in which said control circuit means further includes band elimination filter means through which said tracking error signal is applied to said means for adding the same to said dither oscillation signal, and said band elimination filter means is operative to eliminate from said tracking error signal a predetermined band of frequencies centered about two times the frequency of said dither oscillation signal.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 1; in which said transducer deflecting means includes a support arm carrying said transducer and being deflectable in said transverse direction, and said deflection responsive signal generating means is connected with said support arm to generate said deflection responsive signal in response to deflection of said support arm.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 7; in which said deflection responsive signal generating means includes capacitive-type sensing means having a fixed electrode and a movable electrode on said arm, and amplifier means having a high input impedance and being connected with said capacitive-type sensing means to provide said deflection responsive signal in correspondence to changes in the capacity resulting from displacement of said movable electrode in respect to said fixed electrode.
 9. The apparatus according to claim 8; in which said deflection responsive signal generating means further includes electrical shielding means extending around said amplifier means for shielding the latter from the electric field resulting from the application of said drive signal to said transducer deflecting means.
 10. The apparatus according to claim 8; in which said support arm is constituted by a bi-morph leaf which is cantilevered at one end and has said transducer secured to the other end of said leaf, and said electrical drive signal is applied to said bi-morph leaf for flexing the same and thereby causing the deflection in said transverse direction.
 11. The apparatus according to claim 1; in which said record medium is a magnetic tape having said track extending obliquely thereon and being preceded and followed by similar tracks which are parallel thereto and also have information signals recorded therein, said tape extends helically about at least a portion of the periphery of a guide drum and is adapted to be longitudinally advanced, at least a portion of said guide drum is rotatable, and said transducer is a magnetic head mounted by means of said transducer deflecting means on said rotatable portion of the guide drum so as to rotate with the latter and thereby scan along the one of the tracks positioned in proximity thereto by advancement of the tape. 